使用2个试验研究了几种发酵饲料,耐盐短杆菌、啤酒酵母和白腐真菌对高纤维日粮营养物质消化率、后备牛生长性能、血液抗氧化功能和免疫状态的影响.试验分为4个处理组,即对照组、白腐真菌发酵饲料组、啤酒酵母发酵饲料组和耐盐短杆菌发酵饲料组.每头牛每天饲喂50 g发酵饲料,每种发酵饲料均含有活菌1×109 CFU/g.试验1的结果表明,这3种发酵饲料对后备牛的干物质采食量没有显著影响,耐盐短杆菌发酵饲料提高了后备牛的平均日增重、末体重和饲料效率(P<0.05),基础日粮中添加耐盐短杆菌提高了日粮干物质和有机物质的消化率(P<0.05).试验2的结果表明,耐盐短杆菌发酵饲料改善了后备牛血液抗氧化功能,超氧化物歧化酶浓度高于其它处理组(P<0.05),丙二醛浓度低于其它处理组(P<0.05).同时,耐盐短杆菌发酵饲料降低了前列腺素浓度和细胞干扰素的浓度(P<0.05).3种发酵饲料对后备牛白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-10均没有影响(P>0.05),对后备牛免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G也没有影响(P>0.05).%Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of supplemental several fermented feeds,White rot fungi (WRF),Saccharomyces cerevisiae(SC) and Brevibacterium(BB) on growth performance,blood antioxidant function and immune in Holstein dairy heifers fed high fiber diet.Experiment 1 indicated that the addition of three fermented feeds(1×109 CFU/g,50 g per head per day) had no effect on dry matter intake.BB supplementation increased heifers' average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight,feed efficiency,and the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter (P<0.05).Experiment 2 indicated that BB supplementation improved the blood antioxidant function with higher concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lower concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA)(P<0.05),and improved immune with lower concentrations of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and immunoreactive fibronectin (IFN-γ)(P<0.05).All the three fermented feeds had no effect on blood interleukin-2,interleukin-4,interleukin-6 and interleukin-10,respectively (P>0.05),and had no effect on blood immunoglobulin A (IgA),immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G(IgG),respectively (P >0.05).
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