Helium-like ions,as the simplest and most fundamental atomic multi-body systems,provide us a good starting point to understand the electron-electron interaction.In these systems along the isoelectronic sequence up to the heaviest nuclei,the spatial distribution of the electrons is dramatically compressed,and their momentum increases Fig.1(color online)Contributions to the electronelectron interaction energy of the ground state 1s2 by different interactions and corrections,including the Coulomb and Breit interactions,the Nuclear Mass Shifts(NMS and SMS),as well as the leading QED corrections(SE and VP).notably.
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