Objective To investigate the epidemiology and the risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI)in hospitalized patients in or-der to help clinicians better understand and prevent AKI.Methods From the kidney function test results obtained from hospitalized patients of Taihe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1,2013 to December 31,2013,we screened AKI patients to car-ry out the history review and retrospectively analyzed the incidence,etiology and distribution characteristics of these AKI patients;Lo-gistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors in severity of AKI.Results A total of 52131 person-time of hospital-ized patients were observed,among which 249 patients (0.48%,249 /52131)developed AKI.The male and female ratio was 1.96:1.191 cases were extramural hospital acquired AKI,and 58 cases were nosocomial acquired AKI,including 50 cases (20.08%)infec-ted in ICU,3 cases (1.20%)in the department of obstetrics and gynecology,166 cases (66.67%)in the department of internal medi-cine and 30 cases (12.05%)in the surgical department.AKI incidence increased gradually with the increase of age,in which case fa-tality rate was 11.24%.Logistic regression analysis suggested age,chronic liver disease,chronic kidney disease (CKD)were independ-ent risk factors for the prognosis of AKI.Conclusions The onset of hospitalized patients with AKI is common.The incidence rate in-creases gradually with the increase of age with a higher incidence of mortality.Age,chronic liver disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD)are independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients.%目的：分析住院患者急性肾损伤（AKI）的流行特点及 AKI 发生的危险因素，为临床更好地认识和预防 AKI、改善预后提供依据。方法通过调查2013年1月1日—2013年12月31日太和县中医院成年住院患者的肾功能检测结果，筛检出 AKI患者，进行病史复习，回顾性分析住院患者 AKI 发生率、病因及分布特点；Logistic 回归分析影响住院 AKI 患者病情严重程度的危险因素。结果观察期间共有成年住院患者52131例次，其中249例患者住院期间发生 AKI，发病率为0．48％（249／52131）。患者男女患病比例1．96∶1。院内获得性 AKI 共58例，院外获得性 AKI 共191例。其中 ICU 50例（占20．08％）；妇产科3例（占1．20％）；内科166例（占66．67％）；外科30例（占12．05％）。AKI 发病率随着年龄的增加逐渐增高，其中 AKI患者病死率为11．24％。Logistic 回归分析提示年龄、慢性肝病、慢性肾脏病是 AKI 预后可能的独立危险因素。结论住院患者 AKI 的发病较常见，发病率随着年龄的增加逐渐增高，病死率较高。年龄、慢性肝病、慢性肾脏病是患者预后独立危险因素。
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