Provided is a biomarker capable of specifically diagnosing acute kidney injury. An acute kidney injury-specific biomarker is a miRNA that is primarily present in the blood. The miRNA is miRNA-5100. Furthermore, miRNA-5100 can be used as a method for diagnosing acute kidney injury. In this diagnosis, when the expression of miRNA-5100 is decreased in the blood, it is diagnosed as acute kidney injury. As an acute kidney injury test kit, it is also possible to include a reagent for measuring miRNA-5100.
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