中国冬小麦品种籽粒植酸含量差异及其与蛋白质含量的关系

摘要

[Objective] The aim of this study was to determine the variation of phytic acid content （PAC） and its frequency distribution, as well as the relationship between PAC and protein content, kernel characteristics in 161 Chinese winter wheat cultivars from four regions. [Method] One hundred and sixty-one winter wheat varieties from China Wheat Zones I, II, III and IV （Table 1） were grown in a randomized block de- sign, in the 2009-2011 cropping season; and then the indexes for describing the grain morphological characteristics such as the thousand kernel weight （TKW）, kernel length （KL）, kernel width （KW） and kernel thickness （KT） were measured; the phytic acid content （PAC）, protein content and sedimentation value were also determined; finally, the relationship between PAC and protein content, kernel characteristics were analyzed. [Result] The PAC in the cultivars tested ranged from 0.92% to 1.95% with a mean value of 1.41%. Protein content ranged from 12.60% to 19.20%, with a mean of 15.24%. Most （53.4%） of the wheat genotypes had a PAC value in the range of 1.25% to 1.55%. No significant correlation was found between PAC and protein content, sedimentation value, while protein content and SDS sedimentation value was significant correlated, which suggested the possibility of breeding wheat cultivars that have a low PAC but a high protein content and good gluten quality. There was a high correlation between TKW and KW （,.=0.79）, KL （r=0.50） and KT （r=0.64）. PAC was found having no significant correlation with TKW, KW, KL and KT. [Conclusion] The result suggests the possibility of breeding wheat cultivars that have a low PAC but high kernel weight.%【目的】分析中国冬小麦籽粒植酸含量差异与蛋白质含量的关系，以期为提高小麦营养品质提供理论依据。【方法】以来自4个麦区的16j份小麦品种为材料，分析了籽粒植酸含量变化及分布频率、植酸含量与籽粒形态特征、粒重、蛋白质含量的关系。[结果】结果表明．植酸含量变异范嗣为o．92％-1．95％．平均值为1．41％；蛋白质含量为12．60％-19．20％，平均为15．24％。籽粒植酸含量的分布呈现正态分布＋其中有53．4％的小麦品种植酸含量在1．25％-I．55％之间，只有8．7％的品种植酸含量小于1．1％。相关分析表明，植酸含量与蛋白质含量、SDS沉降值之间无显著相关，但蛋白质含量与沉降值之间呈显著正相关，表明培育低植酸含量且蛋白质含量高的小麦品种理论上是可行的。籽粒千粒重与籽粒宽、长和厚呈显著正相关．但是植酸含量与下粒重、籽粒长、宽、厚之间的相关均未达到硅著水平。【结论】在品种选育中，获得低植酸含量、高粒重且加工品质好的小麦品种是可行的。