不同素质上部鲜烟叶和大田后期根系生理生化指标的差异

摘要

In order to explore the physiological and biochemical characteristics of fresh upper leaves and roots of different qualities of tobacco, the malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, chlorophyllase activity, amylase activity, medium trace element content, chemical component content, root fresh weight, dry weight and activity in the normal tobacco leaves, tobacco leaves rich in nutrients and premature grey tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that compared with the normal tobacco leaves, the root fresh weight, dry weight and activity in the premature grey tobacco leaves decreased by 41.22%, 14.44% and 60.29%respectively, while malonaldehyde content increased by 34.82%, and chlorophyllase,α-amylase, β-amylase and SOD activity declined by 89.55%, 65.71%, 71.26% and 37.25% respectively. Chlorophyllase, α-amylase and β-amylase activity in the tobacco leaves rich in nutrients decreased by 58.76%, 36.19% and 41.93% respectively. The content of medium trace elements in the tobacco leaves rich in nutrients and premature grey tobacco leaves was lower than that of the normal tobacco leaves.Starch, total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium content in the normal tobacco leaves were higher than that of the tobacco leaves rich in nutrients and premature grey tobacco leaves.%为探究不同素质上部鲜烟叶及根系生理生化特征,研究了正常烟叶、营养过旺烟叶、早衰发白烟叶的烟叶的丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶活性(SOD)、叶绿素酶活性、淀粉酶活性、中微量元素含量、化学成分指标及烟株根系鲜干重和活力差异.结果表明:与正常烟叶相比,早衰发白烟叶根系鲜重、干重、根系活力分别低41.22%、14.44%、60.29%;早衰发白烟叶MDA含量高了34.82%,早衰发白烟叶叶绿素酶、α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶活性、SOD活性分别低89.55%、65.71%、71.26%、37.25%.营养过旺烟叶叶绿素酶、α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶活性分别低58.76%、36.19%、41.93%.营养过旺和早衰发白烟叶的中微量元素含量相对较低;正常烟叶的淀粉、总糖、还原糖、钾含量要高于营养过旺和早衰发白烟叶.