利用1950-2008年统计资料和土地详查数据,采用多元统计分析与文献调查,分析了塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘克里雅绿洲近60年来耕地动态变化情况及其驱动机理,并讨论了耕地动态变化对绿洲生态环境的影响.结果表明:(1) 1950-2008年克里雅绿洲耕地面积经历了急剧增加(1950-1961年)→缓慢减少(1962-1990年)→快速增加(1991-2008年)的变化过程,耕地数量总体呈增加趋势,人均耕地面积呈减少趋势；(2)影响克里雅绿洲耕地动态变化的驱动因子可归纳为政策变动、经济发展、人口增长、农业科技进步等四大因素；(3)耕地动态变化某种程度上改善了克里雅绿洲生态环境的同时,导致了绿洲外围沙漠化,绿洲内部土壤盐渍化,湿地减少,河道缩短等一系列生态环境问题,威胁了绿洲稳定性.%Using statistic data and detailed inquisitional land materials from 1950 to 2008 and adopting Multivariate statistical analysis and Literature survey,the mechanism and driving force of farmland changes and its ecological effects on Keriya Oasis of southern Taklimakan Desert of China were analyzed.The results showed that:(1) The changes of farmland in Keriya Oasis within 1950-2008 went through three stages,from dramatic increase (within 1950-1961)→to slow decrease (within 1962-1990)→ to rapid increase (within 1991-2008).The total area of farmland was increased overall while the per capita area of farmland was decreased during the study period; (2) There were four main driving forces of the dynamic change of farmland in Keriya Oasis:government policy,economic development,population increase,and progress in agricultural techniques; (3) Farmland dynamics had improved the eco-environment of Keriya oasis to some extent.At same time,it also had resulted in a series of eco-environmental problems such as desertification of the outer of the oasis,salinization of the inner of the oasis,and wetland degradation and riverbed shortening,which was a potential threaten to the stability of the oasis.
展开▼
