Based on the crop cultivation system in the dryland region of south Ningxia,we analyzed and evaluated the system productivity,composition of crop cultivation and benefit during 2007—2012.The results showed that the grains land area was settled into a range of 6.19 ×105 ~6.29 ×105 hm -2,and vegetables one became increased annual-ly,reaching a maximum amount up to 1 .2 folds,whereas melon and fruits ones were decreased.The land use composi-tion gradually changed from mainly single -element structure of grains to pluralistic structure including grains,oil plants, vegetables and others (the ratios of grains over economic plants and fodder were 1 ∶0.31 ∶0.12).The crop cultivation composition was inclined to be rational.The system productivity of crop cultivation was clearly enhanced,and the pro-duce and economic productivities of vegetables were the highest (3.94 ×104 kg·hm -2 and 1 .26 ×105 yuan·hm -2,re-spectively).The total production value of crop cultivation went up distinctly and became increased 2.11 times more in 2012 than 2007,reaching 1 .07 ×1010 yuan.The contributions to the total production value were in the order of vegeta-bles (0.49 ×1010 yuan),grains (0.34 ×1010 yuan),oil plants (0.12 ×1010 yuan),melons and fruits (0.07 ×1010 yuan).The production value composition of crop cultivation was apt to be balanced.Therefore,because the crop cultiva-tion structure had been adjusted and optimized in the dry land region of south Ningxia,the system stability was gradually reinforced and the benefit became evidently enhanced.%以宁南旱区种植业系统为研究对象，对该区2007—2012年系统生产力与种植业结构和效益进行了动态分析与评价。研究结果表明：粮食作物种植面积稳定在6．19×105～6．29×105 hm －2之间；蔬菜面积逐年增加，最大增幅达1．20倍；瓜果类作物面积有所减少，种植业结构由以粮食为主的一元结构逐渐转变为以粮食、油料、蔬菜、其它经济作物为主的多元结构（2012年粮∶经∶饲比例为1∶0．31∶0．12），种植业用地结构渐趋合理。种植业系统生产力明显提高，其中蔬菜产品生产力和经济生产力最高，分别为3．94×104 kg·hm －2和1．26×105元·hm －2；种植业总产值逐年增加，截止2012年种植业总产值达1．07×1010元，较2007年增加了2．11倍，其中蔬菜产值最高（0．49×1010元），粮食次之（0．34×1010元），油料和瓜果产值较低（0．12×1010元和0．07×1010元），产值结构趋于平衡。总之，宁南旱区经过近年来种植结构的不断优化调整，在调查年度内系统稳定性有所增强，生产效益明显提高。
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