基于约束预测控制的飞行失控包线保护研究

摘要

风切变等大气扰动现象严重威胁飞机起降飞行安全。在受到随机风切变干扰下，离线设计的最优控制器无法保证飞行状态始终处在正常包线内。在大型民机线性变参数模型的基础上，从预防飞行失控的角度研究风切变下飞机进场着陆的预测控制方法。将飞行失控包线量化为状态约束，在此基础上设计在线模型预测控制器。仿真结果表明，利用预测控制的滚动优化策略，可使飞机在进场下滑阶段遭遇风切变时进行良好的下滑道捕获和跟踪，且将飞机状态始终约束在安全包线内。%Atmospheric disturbance such as wind shear seriously threatens flight safety during takeoff and landing .Under the random wind shear disturbance ,optimal controller by off-line designed cannot always keep aircrafts′state in normal flight envelope .Based on the linear parameter-varying model of large civil aircraft,the model predictive control was studied to protect aircraft against loss-of-control during takeoff and landing .The flight envelope was quantized to state restriction .Furthermore ,an on-line model predic-tive controller was designed .Simulation results show that under wind shear ,aircrafts′glide slope capturing and tracking performance can be improved by moving horizon control ,while restricting flight state in nor-mal flight envelope .