基于FPGA的步进电机细分控制研究

摘要

The natural step angle of the stepping motor is so large that the stepping motor can't meet the requirements of high precision micro-displacement. A kind of FPGA-based unipolar drive circuit in theory of microstep control was designed. The circuit has the ability of wing disconnection detection, and can drive the motor to rotate at speed of 2rad/s with its step angle achieves sixteenth of the nature. During the design, the adverse impact caused by the MOSFET body diode was excluded and the influence of mutual inductance between windings was effectively reduced. The experiment result proves that the accuracy of the FPGA-based microstep control circuit meets the system requirements.%为了解决所选步进电机固有步距角过大而无法满足系统高精度微位移控制要求的问题，以细分控制原理为理论依据，设计了1种基于现场可编程门阵列（Field Programmable Gate Array ， FPGA）的单极性细分驱动电路。该电路具有绕组断线检测功能，可在电机转速为2 rad/s的前提下实现16或者更高程度的细分控制。在电路的调试过程中，针对绕组互感问题进行了研究，在很大程度上降低了绕组互感对细分控制精度的影响。试验结果表明：所设计的基于FPGA的细分驱动电路控制精度满足使用要求。