一种建立南海浅海海域高精度潮汐模型方法的研究

摘要

Aimed to solve the low precision problem in using the altimeter data to establish ocean tide model for shallow water,a method of remove-restore technique is proposed,with 1 9 years of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 altimeter data and gauge data being used,for establishing a high precision shallow water tide model.With the mean sea level being the reference surface,we calculated tidal constants for 1 626 normal points by response analysis and 2 184 normal points by harmonic analysis along the altimeter tracks in the South China Sea with 0.1°interval in latitude,and then established grid ocean tide model.RMS difference and RSS difference of different solutions of the tidal model are evaluated.Based on tidal constants at gauge stations,the remove-restore technique is applied to improve the tide model precision,and the RMS differ-ences of the improved tide model for the four major constituents O1 ,K1 ,M2 and S2 have reached to 7.76 cm,9.40 cm,13.86 cm,8.5 1 cm,and the RSS difference has reached to 20.32 cm,showing that the re-move-restore technique can improve the precision of the tide model significantly.%针对应用高度计数据建立的海潮模型在浅海海域精度较低的现状,提出采用移去-恢复技术联合利用19 a T/P、Jason-1卫星原始轨道、变轨轨道高度计数据建立南海浅海海域高精度潮汐模型的方法。处理卫星高度计数据时以平均海平面为基准面,按纬差0.1°间隔采用沿迹分析提取南海海域原始轨道2184个正常点和变轨轨道1626个正常点；分别对原始轨道、变轨轨道正常点进行调和分析以及响应分析,得到潮汐主要分潮调和常数；进一步建立网格潮汐模型,讨论了不同分辨率潮汐模型的精度差异。基于验潮站数据集结果运用移去-恢复技术对所建潮汐模型进行改进,改进后潮汐模型 4个最主要分潮 O1,K1,M2和 S2的 RMS 分别提高至7.76,9.40,13.86和8.51 cm,RSS 达到20.32 cm,表明移去-恢复技术能够明显改善潮汐模型在浅海海域的精度。