2015年10月南宁市区典型大气污染过程成因分析

摘要

2015年10月15日—24日南宁市出现了一次典型的大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染过程,利用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪和大气颗粒物激光雷达仪器进行监测,结合气象、后向轨迹及卫星遥感影像等资料分析大气污染成因及远距离传输对该次污染过程的影响.研究表明:此次南宁市大气污染以PM2.5超标为主,PM2.5日均质量浓度最高为85.2μg/m3,超过标准值13.6％,其中PM1占PM2.5的66.3％.此次污染过程是由本地污染源与外来源影响互相叠加,在静稳、高温、强光等天气情况下发生协同作用引起的,污染物主要来源为燃煤源、机动车尾气源和生物质燃烧源,占全部来源的75.0％～80.0％.%A typical pollution process happened through October 15 th to 24 th, 2015 in Nanning was analyzed. The air pollution factors and the impacts of pollutants transporting over long distance were studied by using single particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) and aerosol LIDAR system, combined with meteorological data, backward trajectory and satellite remote sensing imagery. Results showed that fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) was the primary pollutant in this air pollution process, whose highest daily average concentration was85. 2 μg/m3, exceeding the standard limit by 13. 6％. PM1 accounted for 66. 3％ of PM2. 5. This pollution was caused by local sources added with outside sources at the synergy of stationary weather, high temperature and hard light. Coal combustion, motor vehicle exhaust and biomass burning were the main sources, accounting for75. 0％ ～ 80. 0％ of the total.