异丁酸对西门塔尔牛增重、日粮养分消化和甲烷排放的影响

摘要

试验选用36头12月龄左右、体况良好、体重相近的西门塔尔牛,随机分为4组,测定异丁酸(0,0.02,0.04和0.06 g/kg·d)对日粮养分消化率、增重性能和甲烷排放的影响.结果表明,日粮添加异丁酸后,0.04和0.06g/(kg·d)组有机物(organic matter,OM)消化率显著高于对照组,处理组粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)消化率显著高于对照组,无氮浸出物(nitrogen free extract,NFE)消化率差异不显著,0.04 g/(kg·d)组中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fibre,NDF)消化率显著高于对照组和0.02 g/(kg·d)组(P＜0.05),0.04 g/(kg·d)组酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fibre,ADF)消化率显著高于对照组和其他处理组(P＜0.05);试验期间0.04 g/(kg·d)组和0.06g/(kg·d)组日增重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但与0.02 g/(kg·d)组差异不显著;肉牛干物质采食量在试验期间0.04 g/(kg·d)组显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),其他组间差异不显著,0.04 g/(kg·d)组和0.06 g/(kg·d)组每千克增重消耗饲料显著低于对照组和0.02g/(kg·d)组(P＜0.05);此外,玉米秸秆日粮中添加异丁酸后,甲烷能呈降低趋势,0.04 g/(kg·d)和0.06 g/(kg·d)组显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).由此推断日粮添加异丁酸后对增重性能营养物质消化和降低甲烷排放有显著促进作用,适宜添加水平为0.04 g/(kg·d).