山东半岛农药污染点源放线菌多样性及抑菌活性

摘要

[ Objective ] In order to study diversity and find antimicrobial activities of actinomycetes from pesticide-contaminated spots in Shandong Peninsula. [Methods] The phylogenetic analysis of 154 isolated strains was done based on 16SrDNA sequences. Antimicrobial activities of 10 non-Streptomyces strains were tested by using cylinder-plate method and hypha growth rate method. [Results] Among the strains, 154 strains belonged to 7 families, 8 genera: Streptomyces (87.01%), Kocuria, Microbacterium, NocardiopsU, Knoellia, Pseudonocardia, Micromonospora, Actinoplanes. The fermentation broths of 10 non-Streptomyces strains had inhibitory actives against all tested phytopathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Niveum, Gibberella zeae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Colletotrichum gloesporioides ) and bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtills, Bacillus cereus, Escherichai coli, Pseudomonas aeruginos) , especially Microbacterium oxydans JN853773 and Kocuria rosea JN192402 had strong inhibitory effects. [Conclusion] Abundant diversity of actinomycetes existed in pesticide contaminated spots in Shandong Peninsula. Microbacterium oxydans JN853773 and Kocuria rosea JN192402 showed high antimicrobial activities and could be further exploited.%[目的]探究山东半岛农药污染点源放线菌多样性及非链霉菌抑菌活性,试图发现新放线菌和新抗生素.[方法]通过16S rDNA序列对已分离得到的154株纯培养放线菌进行初步分类鉴定并进行系统发育分析；采用管碟法和菌丝生长速率法检测10株非链霉菌的抑菌活性.[结果]154株放线菌覆盖7个科,8个属,有一株非链霉菌( 205)可能为潜在的新种.10株非链霉菌的发酵液均对供试的植物病原真菌和细菌有不同程度的抑制作用,尤其是菌株Microbacterium oxydans JN853773和Kocuria rosea JN192402对所有供试病原菌都有强烈的抑制作用.[结论]农药污染点源可以作为开发新型抗生素产生菌的重要来源.