Insects,the largest group of muhicellular organisms on the Earth,are notable for their numerous species and varied morphology,generally harboring abundant microbes in their digestive tract.These microorganisms help the host in digestion,nutrition absorption,pheromone synthesis,as well as playing a role in the defense of harmful invaders,which strengthen the host immune activity.Lepidoptera is the second largest order in Insecta,with many common pest and beneficial insect species.Many methods and techniques have been developed for the research on the gut microbiota,which becomes a hot research topic in recent years.This review outlines the research of gut microbiota in lepidopteran insects (e.g.,Bombyx mori,Spodoptera littoralis and Plutella xylostella),including gut environment,microbial diversity and research methods.Furthermore,the community structure of several lepidopteran model insects and the roles of gut microbes in host's detoxification and immune system are summarized.The findings we review here should be valuable for the further research on the gut microbiota in lepidopteran insects,and pave the way for developing novel strategies to control pests and protect beneficial insects.%作为地球上数量最多的动物群体,昆虫种类繁多、形态各异,其肠道内也栖息着大量的微生物,这些微生物直接或间接对宿主发挥着重要的作用,如参与消化、吸收利用营养物质、合成信息素,同时在抵御外来病原的侵入与定殖、提高宿主免疫活性的过程中也起着关键作用.鳞翅目是昆虫纲中仅次于鞘翅目的第二大目,其中既有严重危害农作物的害虫,又有能够授粉和产生经济效益的益虫,对生态系统和人类影响深远.近年来,随着新方法、新技术在肠道微生态学上的应用,国内外鳞翅目昆虫肠道微生物的研究也日趋热烈.本文将围绕家蚕Bombyx mori、海灰翅夜蛾Spodoptera littoralis、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella等几种代表性鳞翅目昆虫,介绍目前为止针对鳞翅目昆虫肠道微生物组的研究,包括肠道的内环境、微生物的多样性及其研究方法,随后对已明确的鳞翅目昆虫肠道微生物的组成,以及共生菌具体对宿主代谢解毒、免疫健康等方面做出的贡献进行分析,以期为进一步深入探究鳞翅目昆虫肠道微生物打下基础,以及转化这些知识来控制害虫(海灰翅夜蛾、小菜蛾等),促进益虫(家蚕等)生长,确保农业和经济更好地发展.
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