Vulnerability in human-sea territorial system is a research frontier in regional sustainable development.Studies carries out in human-sea system are of significance to not only the enrichment of the theories of human-land territorial system,but also marine sustainable development.Firstly,we analyzed the marine resources,marine science and technology,marine infrastructure,and marine economic development process of the Bohai-rim region in China.The human-sea territorial systems include three subsystems:the human-sea resources and environment subsystem,the human-sea economic subsystem,and the human-sea society subsystem.Subsequently,we combined the methods of set pair analysis,vulnerability assessment,and combination weight to obtain each index weight,taking the Bohai-rim region as an example to analyze the evolution trends and major factors influencing the vulnerability of the human-sea territorial system from 1996 to 2012.On the whole,the results showed a declining trend of the vulnerability of human-sea territorial system of the Bohai-rim region during the past 17 years.This shows that the vulnerability index of Shandong is smaller than that of the other provinces;the vulnerability index of Liaoning which belongs to the second tier declines the most;Hebei and Tianjin belong to the third tier,and their vulnerability indexes are relatively higher with the likelihood of a greater decline.Lastly,we classified the vulnerability of human-sea territorial system of the Bohai-rim region from 1996 to 2012 by using the triangle methodology.The results showed that the vulnerability of single subsystem was less than the vulnerabilities of balanced and complex subsystems.This suggests that to reduce the vulnerability of human-sea territorial systems of the Bohai-rim region,we should strengthen the co-ordination of land and sea to optimize the marine industrial structure,take measures to strengthen the control of marine and environmental protection,develop science and technology and cultivate talents,at the same time,to strengthen the construction of marine infrastructure.This paper presents some references for improving the theory and method of the research on the vulnerability of coastal regional and human-sea territorial systems in different regions under the consistent framework.%脆弱性已成为全球环境变化与可持续性科学研究的前沿领域,人海关系地域系统作为海洋地理学研究的重要内容,研究一定地域范围内人海地理空间的结构特征及演变规律.以环渤海地区为例,首先,对其海洋资源、海洋科技力量和人才资源及海洋基础设施等进行概述,分析海洋经济的发展过程;其次,以脆弱性为切入点,运用集对分析法分析环渤海地区人海关系地域系统脆弱性演进及影响因素;最后,运用三角图法对1996-2012年环渤海地区人海关系地域系统脆弱性进行类型分异,进而有针对性地提出降低脆弱性的对策.结果表明:①环渤海地区人海关系地域系统脆弱性指数发展变化不同,但均呈下降态势,稳定性显著增强;②环渤海地区人海关系地域系统脆弱性属于单一子系统脆弱型的次数较少,复合子系统脆弱型和均衡脆弱型是主要类型,出现次数较多;③可通过加强陆海统筹,优化海洋产业结构,加强海洋污染治理,推进海洋科学技术创新,加快人才培养和加强基础设施建设等措施实现降低人海关系地域系统脆弱性.
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