辣椒果实性状主基因+多基因遗传分析

摘要

以果实性状差异较大的一年生辣椒材料C.annuum B9431(P1)和灌木辣椒材料C.frutescens H108(P2)为亲本,构建4世代群体(P1、P2、F1、F2),应用数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型方法对辣椒6个果实性状进行遗传分析,为辣椒果实性状QTL定位及分子标记辅助育种研究奠定理论基础.结果表明:6个果实性状均符合2对主基因+多基因遗传模型.其中,单果重量、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数和果肉厚度5个性状均符合E-0模型,即2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性上位性多基因混合遗传模型；果柄长度最佳遗传模型为E-5,即2对完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型.单果重量、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、果肉厚度和果柄长度主基因遗传率分别为87.64％、37.67％、82.46％、94.82％、83.33％和40.00％,多基因遗传率分别为7.50％、54.56％、10.53％、0.27％、12.96％和37.78％.%In order to afford a theoretical basis for the further study of QTL mapping of fruit traits and molecular marker assisted breeding program in pepper, we used the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model to analyze the inheritance of 6 fruit traits in pepper with four generations of C. annuum B9431 (Pi) and C. frutescens H108 (P2) and their Fi , F2. All examined traits showed the models of two major genes plus polygenes,among which fruit mass,fruit length,fruit diameter,fruit shape index and flesh thickness were apt to E-0 model, namely two additive-domiance-epistatic major genes plus additive-dominance-epistatic polygene model. Fruit peduncle was fitting E-5 model which was two complete dominant major genes plus additive-dominance polygene model. The heritability of major gene for the six fruit traits of fruit mass,fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit shape index, flesh thickness and fruit peduncle were 87. 64%, 37. 67%,82. 46%,94. 82%, 83. 33% and 40. 00%, and the heritability of polygene for the six fruit traits were 7. 50%,54. 56%,10. 53%,0. 27%,12. 96% and 37. 78% .respectively.