云南泸定百合遗传多样性的表型与ISSR分析

摘要

用表型变异分析并结合ISSR分子标记对云南境内10个泸定百合(Lilium sargenttiae)居群进行遗传多样性分析.结果显示:(1)云南10个泸定百合居群的7个表型性状的居群间F值在3.26～19.1之间,表型的居群间差异均达到显著或极显著水平；平均表型分化系数为71.22％,居群间变异(59.92％)大于居群内变异(23.42％),说明居群间表型变异是泸定百合居群变异的主要来源.(2) 13个ISSR引物共检测到248个多态位点,物种水平上多态位点率98.80％,Nei's多样性指数和Shannon多样性指数分别为0.265 5和0.413 1；居群内基因多样度(Hs)为0.175 7,居群间基因分化系数(Gst)0.336 7,Mantel检验显示泸定百合居群在地理距离和遗传距离间具有显著相关性(r=0.804 4,P=0.009 9).研究表明,云南泸定百合的居群间表型和分子水平均具有较高的遗传多样性,居群间的遗传分化较大,并且分化趋势具有明显的地域性.因此,可选择迁地种植对泸定百合进行有效保护.%The genetic diversity of 10 populations of Lilium sargentiae in Yunnan Province was analyzed by phenotypic traits and inter-simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR).(1)The F values of 7 traits were from 3.26 to 19.1,which showed significant or quite significant differentiation among populations.The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient of the 7 traits was 71.22％,and the variation among populations was higher than that within population,which indicated that the variance among populations was the main part of the phenotypic variation.(2)A total of 248 polymorphic loci were detected from 10 populations by 13 primers.The polymorphism rate was 98.80％,Nei's gene diversity index and Shannon diversity index were 0.265 5 and 0.413 1,respectively.The gene diversity within population (Hs) was 0.175 7,and the genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) among populations was 0.336 7.The Mantel's test showed that there was significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance (r=0.804 4,P =0.009 9).The results indicated that L.sargentiae had a high level of genetic diversity at both phenotypic and molecular levels.The significant genetic differentiation existed among populations,which had obvious regional characteristics.The Ex-situ conservation was an effective method to protect L.sargentiae.