引信气流激振压电发电机结构参数影响分析

摘要

In order to meet the requirements of airflow-induced vibration of small piezoelectric generator for fuze,and solve the critical issue of stable excitation force,the key is to effectively control the sensitive parameters of generator structure.The influence of related structural parameters of airflow-induced excitation device on excitation force is analyzed through simulating flow test.The test result shows that the amplitudes of excitation force corresponding to different resonator lengths increase approximately linearly with the airflow velocity,and the longer the length of resonator is,the smaller the slope is,and vice versa.The space between nozzle and resonator and the ring gaps have the complex effects on the amplitude of excitation force,and too big or too small gap would make the amplitude smaller or even no waveform formed.The length of resonator is the main factor impacting on the frequency of excitation force,and the frequency decreases with the increase in the resonator length,presenting an inverse relationship.The space between nozzle and resonator and the ring gaps have less effects on the frequency of excitation force.Therefore,for high airflow velocity,the stable excitation force with high amplitude and frequency can be obtained by short resonator.In addition,reasonable space and ring gaps are also important for ensuring bigger amplitude of excitation force.The resulting sensitive parameter values of sound excitation device can be used as references for engineering design.%满足引信用小型振动压电发电机气流致振发电要求,解决稳定激振力的问题,控制结构敏感参数是一种有效方法.通过模拟吹风实验,分析气流致声激振机构的相关结构参数对激振力的影响规律.结果表明,不同共振腔长度对应的激振力幅值与入流速度近似呈现线性增大趋势,且长度越大其斜率越小,反之亦然,喷口到共振腔的间距和喷口环隙对激振力幅值的影响较复杂,过大或过小都会使得激振力幅值较小甚至没有波形产生;共振腔长度是影响激振力频率的主要因数,频率随长度的增大而变小,呈现反比关系,喷口到共振腔的间距和喷口环隙对频率的影响较小.因此,对于高速气流,短共振腔可以获得较大幅值的高频稳定激振力,以及需合理控制喷口到共振腔的间距和喷口环隙使得激振力幅值较大.