黄石寨景区旅游活动对典型植物群落的影响

摘要

In order to study influences of tourism activities on different plant communities in Huangshizhai scenic spot of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, 4 types of typical plant community were selected.Cover reduction, floristic dissimilarity and height reduction had been applied for vegetation disturbance index.The results showed as follows: The impact of tourism activities on the tree layers of 4 types of plant community were not obvious, while it significantly affected the cover reduction of shrub layer in laurel forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest.The impact of tourism activities on the herbaceous layer of 4 different plant communities was significant (P<0.05).The changes of vegetation coverage and species within the 10 m of trail diameter were obvious.The change of plant height was the most obvious within 5 m of trail diameter.The proportion of tourists was positively correlated with the degree of effects on different plant communities, the correlation between them declined as the distance increased along trail diameter.%在张家界国家森林公园黄石寨景区选择4种典型群落类型,研究不同旅游干扰程度对黄石寨景区不同群落类型、不同层次群落结构的影响.采用植被盖度降低率(CR)、植相变异度(FD)及植群高度减少率(HR)3个指标,组成植物群落干扰指数(IVI).结果表明:旅游活动对4种不同群落类型乔木层的影响均不明显,对常绿阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶林灌木层的盖度指标影响显著;对4种不同植被类型草本层3个指标的影响均达到显著水平(P<0.05),草本层的盖度、物种种类变化在游径10 m之内表现明显,植物高度变化在游径5 m之内最为明显;游客量比例与植物群落干扰指数呈正相关,相关性由近游径向远游径逐渐降低.