东乡野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff.)的耐低磷能力鉴定

摘要

挖掘利用野生稻资源有利基因是当前稻作界研究热点之一.研究以常规栽培稻耐低磷品种大粒稻和莲塘早3号,低磷敏感品种新三百粒、沪占七和杂交稻保持系协青早B为对照,采用Yoshida营养液培养法,通过设置10,5,3,0.5,0 mg/L 5个磷浓度水平,5叶1心期时测定苗高、叶龄、黄叶数、茎基宽、根数、倒二叶长和宽、开张角、地上部干重、根干重等性状值,对东乡野生稻东塘下居群苗期低磷耐性进行鉴定.结果表明:东乡野生稻低磷耐性鉴定较适宜的质量浓度为0.5 mg/L,较适宜的简易指标为叶龄相对值、黄叶率；东乡野生稻东塘下居群、大粒稻、莲塘早3号、新三百粒、沪占七、协青早B相对值(0.5 mg/t与完全液比值)中叶龄相对值分别为0.947 8、0.9966、0.954 9、0.873 7、0.822 5、0.828 2；黄叶率分别为0.35、0.49、0.66、0.67、0.67、0.68.综合看来,东乡野生稻显示出强耐低磷特性.%Excavation and utilization of advantageous genes in wild rice resources are one of the current hot points in the research on rice crop. With the cultivated low-phosphorus-tolerance rice varieties Dalidao and Liantangzao3, low-phosphorus-sensitive varieties Xingsanbaili and Huzhanqi, hybrid rice fertility retaining line XieqingzaoB as the control, the low-phosphorus-tolerance ability of Dongtangxia population of Dongxiang wild rice at the seedling stage was identified through Yoshida nutrition solution cultivation with five phosphorus concentration levels, I. E. 10,5,3,0.5,0 mg/L. The indexes of plant height, leaf age, yellow leaves, the stem width, root numbers per plant, length, width and open angle of the second leaf from top, dry weight of the shoot and root were measured at the stage of five-leaf-and-one-leaflet period. The results showed that the suitable concentration for low-phosphorus-tolerance ability identification was 0.5 mg/L, while the suitable simple indexes were relative leaf age and yellow leaf ratio. The relative leaf age values (ratio of 0.05 mg/L by10 mg/L) of Dongxiang wild rice Dongtangxia population, Dalidao, Liantangzao3, Xingsanbaili, Huzhanqi, and XieqingzaoB were 0.947 8, 0.996 6, 0.954 9, 0.873 7, 0.822 5, and 0. 828 2; the yellow leaf ratios were 0.35, 0.49, 0.66, 0.67, 0.67, and 0.68, respectively. Viewed synthetically Dongtangxia population has strong low-phosphorus-tolerance ability.