During 2012～2013,in four counties (cities)of Jiangxi,the field experiments were carried out to compare the effects of different crop rotation systems in paddy fields on the crop yield,economic profit,nutrient absorption and utilization,and soil nutrient content. The results showed that:in comparison with planting rice after winter fallow,planting rice after the harvest of winter oilseed rape increased the average single-plant effective panicles of early rice,middle rice and late rice by 7.54%,2.63%and 0.47% respectively,enhanced the average single-panicle filled grains by 12.73%,5.82% and 0.03% respectively,and im-proved the average yield by 10.03%,8.75% and 4.59% separately;among 6 kinds of crop rotation systems,the crop rotation sys-tem"oilseed rape-early rice-late rice"obtained the highest economic profit;planting rapeseed in winter could increase the accu-mulation and utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in early rice and middle rice,improve the contents of organic matter,effective phosphorus and available potassium in the soil of paddy fields,and reduce soil pH-value.%于2012～2013年在江西省油菜主产县(市)开展田间试验,比较研究了稻田不同轮作系统对作物产量、经济效益、养分吸收利用以及土壤养分含量的影响.结果表明:与冬季休闲后种植水稻相比,冬季种植油菜后早、中、晚稻的平均单株有效穗数分别提高了7.54%、2.63%和0.47%,平均单株实粒数分别提高了12.73%、5.82%和0.03%,平均产量分别提高了10.03%、8.75%和4.59%;在6种轮作系统中,以油菜-早稻-晚稻轮作系统的经济效益最高;冬季种植油菜可以提高早稻和中稻的氮、磷、钾素的总积累量和吸收利用率;冬季种植油菜还可以提高稻田土壤的有机质、有效磷和速效钾的含量,降低稻田土壤的pH值.
展开▼
