Under the conditions of field test for various cultivation patterns , the dynamic changes in soil moisture and nitrate-nitrogen contents in winter wheat high-yielding fields of Wenxian county were monitored , and the effects of optimized cultivation pattern on the grain yield and nitrogen-water use efficiency of winter wheat , as well as on the accumulation of nitrate-nitrogen in soil were studied.The results showed that: the optimized cultivation pattern increased the yield of wheat as compared with the no nitrogen application treatment and the conventional planting pattern;in all treatments, when the depth of soil layer increased, the soil moisture content increased, while the soil nitrate-nitrogen content decreased; the optimized cultivation pattern enhanced the soil water use efficiency, nitrogen productivity, and nitrogen use efficiency, and these indexes increased with the increase in nitro-gen application rate.%在大田试验条件下,在河南省温县高产区监测了冬小麦不同种植模式麦田土壤水分和硝态氮含量变化动态,研究了优化栽培模式对冬小麦产量、水氮利用效率、土壤硝态氮累积量等的影响.结果表明:优化种植模式提高了小麦的产量,且优化栽培高于不施氮处理和习惯种植;在不同的处理中,土壤水分和硝态氮随土壤深度的变化呈相反的趋势,即土壤水分随深度的增加呈增加的趋势,而硝态氮则相反;优化栽培模式提高了土壤水分利用率、氮素生产力、氮肥利用率,且随施氮量增加呈增加趋势.
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