Experiment was conducted at Gongzhuling experimental station of Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Province during 2009 -2010. Density tolerant maize hybrid of Zhengdan 958 ( ZD) was used as experimental materials under 2 plant densities (52 500 plants/ha ( LD) and 82 500 plants/ha (HD)) ,and 2 nitrogen application levels (150 kg/ha (LF) and 300 kg/ha(HF)) conditions. Maize growth and development and root characteristics were studied under the treatment of deep-loosening conditions (40 cm ) with traditional soil tillage method as control. The result showed that the growth and development of maize plant have close relations with densities, nitrogen application levels and tillage methods. Plant total dry weight, root character and kernel yield under the treatment of deep-loosening conditions are better than those of traditional tillage under different density and nitrogen application level conditions. The plow-base soil layer is easily broken through by deep-loosening, and the distribution of root in 0 -40 cm soil layer is optimized apparently. This experiment elucidated the mechanism of yield increase by the suitable deep-loosening treatment under traditional soil tillage conditions, and it is also of great meaning for high-yielding maize production.%试验于2009-2010年在吉林省中国农科院公主岭试验站进行.以耐密玉米品种郑单958为材料,采用2种密度(52 500株/hm2 (LD)和82 500株/hm2 (HD)),2个施氮水平(150 kg/hm2 (LF)和300 kg/hm2 (HF))研究了传统耕作方式和深松(40 cm)对玉米生长发育和根系的分布情况.结果表明:玉米的生长发育与密度、施氮水平以及耕作方式均有密切关系.在不同密度和施肥水平下,深松处理比传统耕作在植株总干物量、根系和籽粒产量等方面均有有利作用.深松有利于打破犁底层,根系在0～40 cm的分布明显优化.本研究阐明了在传统耕作条件下适度深耕增加产量的生理基础,并对高产玉米栽培具有重要意义.
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