《社会救助暂行办法》实施的局限性及其完善∗

摘要

The Interim Measures for Social Assistance is the first administrative regulations to co-ordinate and regulate the social as⁃sistance system since the founding of the PRC. Its achievements are mainly reflected in the construction of a complete social assistance system, break the urban and rural segmentation of social assistance system and adhere to the people-oriented idea. And it also has many disadvantages, such as the legislative status is not high, the terms of the license are too many, central and local fiscal responsi⁃bility is not clear, the punishment of illegal efforts is not strong enough and the particularity of the migrant workers is disregarded etc. In order to overcome these difficulties and improve the social relief system, the government should take a series of measures to protect the basic life of poverty groups, improve the legal status, introduce detailed rules for the implementation of regulation, clear central and local financial responsibility, increase the intensity of punishment for illegal and pay attention to the particularity of the migrant work⁃ers, and so on.%《社会救助暂行办法》是新中国成立以来第一部统筹和规范各项社会救助制度的行政法规，其成就主要体现在构建了完整的社会救助体系、破除了社会救助制度的城乡二元分割、恪守了以人为本的立法理念三个方面。但它也存在诸多局限，如立法位阶不高、授权条款偏多、央地财政责任不清晰、对违法的惩罚力度不够以及忽视农民工的特殊性等。政府应采取一系列措施，如提升法律位阶、出台法规实施细则、明晰央地财政责任、加大对违法的惩罚力度以及重视农民工的特殊性等，以完善社会救助制度，进而织牢保障贫困群体基本生活的最后安全网。