Development and evaluation of a construct-oriented biodata measure for predicting positive and negative contextual performance.

摘要

The purpose of the study was to build evidence to support the construct-related validity of a biodata measure developed using a construct-oriented approach to scale construction. This measure was intended to reflect individual differences in life history constructs theoretically antecedent to, and predictive of, a criterion domain reflecting both positive and negative elements of contextual job performance. The biodata measure is discussed in light of theory, methods, and empirical findings surrounding integrity testing and contextual performance. The measure is intended for use in an employee selection context and is theorized to be generalizable for selection across a range of non-managerial jobs, situations, and applicant populations.;Construct-oriented scaling procedures were conducted, which combined rational item development based on a theoretical taxonomy of life history constructs, item screening using both expert judgment and statistical techniques, scale refinement using homogeneous scaling and/or factor analytic techniques, and cross-validation by way of confirmatory factor analysis. Further construct-related validation included examination of the relationships among the biodata measure and existing integrity, Big Five personality dimensions, and impression management. An internal response distortion scale was also developed. Finally, criterion-related validity of the biodata measure was estimated in an applied setting.;Rationally-developed scales showed evidence of scale homogeneity, while scales developed through factorial methods evidenced robust and interpretable solutions. The theoretical scale structures supported cross validation in the confirmatory factor analyses. The internal response distortion scale conformed to expectations of its distributional properties, and holds promise for future detection of applicant faking. Convergent validity results conformed to expectations, although discriminant validity results were somewhat mixed. Finally, validity results were weak for the criterion-related validation study. Potential conclusions, explanations, and implication for future use and research with the biodata measure are discussed.