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Molecular-based analysis and monitoring of microbial groups in activated sludge to advance the knowledge of biological processes in wastewater treatment.

机译:基于分子的分析和监测活性污泥中的微生物,以提高废水处理中生物过程的知识。

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摘要

Wastewater treatment has often depended on the activated sludge process to remove chemical or biochemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and/or phosphorus from influent wastes. Treatment efficiency is dependent on microorganisms that are responsible for the oxidation of different substrates in these waters. Currently, biomass estimations at the full-scale level are based on suspended solids concentrations of the mixed liquor in the activated sludge process. This research was conducted under the hypothesis that the substitution of biomass represented as suspended solids for microbial quantities enumerated using molecular methodologies will advance the knowledge of biological processes in wastewater treatment. The primary objective was to determine relationships between bacterial abundance and physicochemical parameters that improve the treatment efficiency of activated sludge. DNA amplification technologies allow direct quantification of bacteria, which is the basis for population assessment in this research.;Data collection consisted of physicochemical and biological analysis of activated sludge in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. A number of treatment quality parameters were related to the abundance of total bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in a partially nitrifying wastewater treatment plant. This research has identified temperature and dissolved oxygen as key factors in the mechanisms for substrate competition between bacterial groups and demonstrated the improved microbial characterization of activate sludge is beneficial to wastewater treatment operations, especially under oxygen limited conditions. Furthermore, the removal of biochemical oxygen demand was highly influenced by the major oxygen consumers in the activated sludge, namely heterotrophic bacteria and AOB. The refinement of existing protocols, especially in the calculation of microbial kinetic parameters using specific biomass instead of a suspended solids estimate, is novel.;This research has improved the understanding of the complex relationships between different microbial groups within activated sludge. AOB were negatively correlated with biochemical oxygen demand, therefore treatment quality can be optimized by monitoring these organisms. Substitution of suspended solids for AOB biomass resulted in accurate calculations of nitrifying kinetics under oxygen limited conditions and can be obtained more rapidly than conventional methods. Furthermore, insights into the interrelationships within NOB have been gained for substrate competition and variations in both environmental and plant operating parameters. Nitrospira was determined to be the predominant NOB and was more efficient than Nitrobacter in a partially nitrifying environment. Ecophysiological factors were reaffirmed as the major source of population influence between total, ammonia oxidizing, and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. Quantitative analysis of these populations elucidated operational adjustments that can be used to modify cell abundance and impact treatment efficiency.
机译:废水处理通常取决于活性污泥工艺,以从污水中去除化学或生物化学需氧量,氮和/或磷。处理效率取决于导致这些水中不同底物氧化的微生物。目前,对生物量的全面估计是基于活性污泥法中混合液的悬浮固体浓度。这项研究是在以下假设下进行的:用分子方法计算出的以悬浮固体表示的生物量代替微生物数量将促进废水处理中生物过程的知识。主要目的是确定细菌丰度与理化参数之间的关系,以提高活性污泥的处理效率。 DNA扩增技术可直接对细菌进行定量,这是本研究中进行种群评估的基础。数据收集包括对大型污水处理厂中活性污泥的物理化学和生物学分析。许多处理质量参数与部分硝化废水处理厂中细菌总数,氨氧化细菌(AOB)和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOB)的丰度有关。这项研究已经确定温度和溶解氧是细菌群之间底物竞争机制的关键因素,并证明了改进的活性污泥的微生物特性有利于废水处理操作,尤其是在氧气受限的条件下。此外,生化需氧量的去除受到活性污泥中主要的耗氧者,即异养细菌和AOB的强烈影响。现有方案的改进,特别是在使用特定生物量而非悬浮固体估算值计算微生物动力学参数方面,是新颖的。这项研究提高了对活性污泥中不同微生物群之间复杂关系的理解。 AOB与生化需氧量负相关,因此可以通过监测这些生物来优化治疗质量。将悬浮固体替换为AOB生物质可精确计算出氧气受限条件下的硝化动力学,并且比常规方法可更快地获得。此外,对于底物竞争以及环境和工厂运行参数的变化,已经获得了对NOB内部相互关系的见解。已确定硝化螺菌是主要的NOB,在部分硝化环境中比硝化细菌更有效。重申了生态生理因素是大规模污水处理厂中总细菌,氨氧化细菌和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌之间种群影响的主要来源。这些人群的定量分析阐明了可用于修改细胞丰度和影响治疗效率的操作调整。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gedalanga, Phillip Bernard.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Irvine.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Irvine.;
  • 学科 Environmental Health.;Engineering Environmental.;Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 141 p.
  • 总页数 141
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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