声明
摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATION
CHAEPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
1．1 ENERGY STORAGE
1．1．1 Themal energy storage
1．1．2 Thermoehemical energy storage
1．1．3 Fly wheel energy storage
1．1．4 Compressed air energy storage
1．1．5 Pumped energy storage
1．1．6 Magnetic energy storage
1．1．7 Storage of chemical and hydrogen energy
1．1．8 Electrochemical-Battery energy storage
1．2 SUPERCAPACITORS
1．2．1 Evolution of Supercapacltor
1．3 CLASSIFICATION AND MECHANISM OF SUPERCAPACITORS
1．3．1 Electrostatic capacitors
1．3．2 Electrolytic capacitors
1．3．3 Eleetro-chemical capacitor
1．4 BIOMASS POROUS CARBONS
1．4．1 Methods for preparation of biomass Acivated carbon
1．5 Carbonization
1．6 Activation
1．6．1 Physical activation
1．6．2 Chemical activation
1．7 Reasons for selecting the biomass porous carbon for supercapacitor
1．8 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION
1．8．1 Overall objective of present study
1．8．2 Specific aims of present study
CHAPTER-2 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE：PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOMASS POROUS CARBONS
2．1 MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS
2．2 PREPARATION OF BIOMASS POROUS CARBONS
2．2．1 Preparation of porous carbon from mangosteen peel
2．2．2 Preparation of porous carbon from jujube fruits
2．2．3 Preparation of porous carbon from feather finger grass flowers
2．3 CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES
2．3．1 Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)
2．3．2 High-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM)
2．3．3 X-ray diffraction(XRD)
2．3．4 Raman spectroscopy
2．3．5 Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET)surface area analysis
2．3．6 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)
2．3．7 Therogravimetric analysis(TGA)
2．3．8 Cyclic voltammetry(CV)test
2．3．9 Galvanostatic charge-discharge(GCD)test
2．4．PREPARATION OF ELECTRODES AND ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHAPTER-3 HIGHLY ORDERED BIOMASS POROUS CARBON DERIVED FROM MANGOSTEEN PEEL AS AN EFFICIENT CATHODE MATERJAL FOR SUPERCAPACITORS
3．1 Introduction
3．2 Results and discussion
3．2．1 Structure and morphology studies
3．2．2·Electrochemical performance of MP-PC in 3-electrode system
3．2．3．Electrochemical performance of MP-PC in symmetrical device
3．3．Conclusions
CHAPTER 4 HIERARCHICAL BIOMASS POROUS CARBON DERIVED FROM SUSTAINABLE JUJUBE FRUITS AS AN INEXPENSIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR SUPERCAPACITORS
4．1 Introduction
4．2 Results and discussion
4．2．1 Structural，morphological and elemental analysis
4．2．2．Electrochemical response of JPC in 3-electrode system
4．2．3．Electrochemical response of JPC in symmetrical device
4．4 Conclusions
CHAPTER-5 AHOLLOW TUBULAR-LIKE BIOMASS POROUS CARBON DERIVED FROM FREELY AVAILABLE FEATHER FINGER GRASS FLOWER AS A LOW-COST ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR SUPERCAPACITORS
5．1．Introduction
5．2 Results and discussion
5．2．1 Structural，morphological and elemental analysis
5．2．2 Electrochemical properties of HT-PC in 3-electrode setup
5．2．3 Electrochemical properties of HT-PC in symmetrcal device
5．3 Conelusions
CHAPTER 6 THESIS SUMMARY
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDMENTS
AUTHOR’S PUBLICATIONS
SUMMARY OF AUTHOR AND SUPERVISOR
北京化工大学;
