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论英语教学中的文化创新力之培养

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Introduction

Chapter 1 The Rationale of Culture Teaching

1.1 Language and Culture

1.1.1 Language and Language Learning

1.1.2 Definitions of Culture

1.1.3 FLT-related culture

1.2 Relationship between Language and Culture

1.2.1 About the Study of the Relationship between Language and Culture

1.2.2 Bronislaw Malinowski

1.2.3 John P. Firth and M. A. K. Halliday

1.2.4 Benjamin Lee Whorl and His Hypothesis

1.2.5 Eugene A. Nida

1.2.6 L. A. Samovar and Richard E. Porter

1.2.7 Summary

Chapter 2 Practical Needs and Goal of Culture Teaching

2.1 Influence of Culture on English Language Learning

2.1.1 Existence of Cultural Differences

2.1.2 Influence of Cultural Differences on English Language Learning

2.1.3 Understanding of Cultural Differences

2.2 Culture Teaching at Home and Abroad

2.2.1 Culture Teaching Abroad

2.2.2 Culture Teaching at Home

2.3 Goal of Culture Teaching

Chapter 3 Objective for EFL Teaching in China

3.1 Political Influence and Educational Role

3.2 Rivers' Teaching Objectives

3.3 Questionable Communicative Competence in China

3.3.1 Three Levels of Foreign Language Education

3.3.2 The Case of Non-English Major Students

3.4 Disadvantages Arising from the Study of Language Itself

3.5 A Broad Educational Goal-Cultural Creativity

3.5.1 Bring about Internal Changes within Learners

3.5.2 Develop Learners' Cultural Creativity

Chapter 4 Focus on Cultural Creativity

4.1 Capacity and Cultural Creativity

4.2 Learning to Know

4.2.1 Learners' Independent Role

4.2.2 Not Relying Exclusively on Teachers

4.2.3 Learners' Internal Change

4.3 An Understanding of Foreign Culture

4.3.1 Classroom Interaction

4.3.2 Not Blindly Following Foreign Conventions

4.4 Process of Cultural Interaction

4.4.1 Alternative Ways of Doing Things

4.4.2 Interpretative Repertoires

4.5 Development of a Creative Power for Change

4.5.1 Empowerment

4.5.2 Generative Learning

4.6 Summary

Chapter 5 Experiment-Based Discussion on Implications of EFL Curriculum Reform

5.1 Experiment on intercultural sensitivity(IS) of college English learner

5.1.1 Intercultural sensitivity(IS) and the Connection between IS and Cultural Creativity(CC)

5.1.2 Experiment Methodology

5.1.3 Result and Discussion

5.2 Implication for the Contradiction between Knowledge and Ability

5.3 Implication for the Relationship between the Teacher and the Learner

5.3.1 More Autonomy to the Learner

5.3.2 Advantages and Two Kinds of Engagement

5.3.3 A Coherent Relationship

5.4 Implication for the Conflict between Content and Process

5.4.1 Two Types of Syllabus

5.4.2 Not an Uncompromising Dichotomy

5.5 Summary

Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix

Acknowledgements

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摘要

语言与文化互相影响,互相作用,语言是文化不可分割的一部分,是文化的载体;文化则足语言的底座或环境。文化背景不同,说不同语言的人在交谈时,常发生下列情况:由于文化上的不同,即使语言准确无误,也可能产生误会,引起跨文化交际的失败。但随着全球经济一体化的发展,不同文化的人之间的交流会越来越多,这使越来越多的语言教育专家意识到:在外语教学中应该给予文化足够的重视,因此,在外语教学中又引入了一个新的术语:“文化教学”。 虽然文化教学并非英语教学领域的新话题,但其实践仍是问题。在我国教育体制中,外语教师全身心教授词汇,阅读和写作技巧,而这些仅仅是课程三个主要要素(语言,文学和文化)的一部分。由于文化在教材中的不平衡待遇,加之教师不熟悉西方文化,缺乏文化教学所需技能,文化成为三个要素中最弱者。教师把主要精力放在语言目标和语言能力的培养上,认为文化教学只是副产品。结果,通过考试的学生,比如CET4,分数很高,却仍缺乏实际的文化交际能力。因此,如果教师教授语言的同时不传授文化知识,那么他们就在教授毫无意义的符号或者被学生赋予错误意义的符号。 本文先介绍了文化教学的概念、目的意义以及国内外文化教学的发展情况,论述了英语教学的培养目标,对交际能力的培养提出质疑,引入一个全新的、宽泛的教育目标即文化创新力。然后从几个方面对文化创新力的培养做了重点论述,即:独立获取外国文化知识;理解外国文化,实现从对新经验的知识性到灵活性和开放性的转变;文化互动过程;培养求新动力。最后论述了文化创新力对英语课程改革的意义,如对知识与能力的意义,对教与学的意义,对内容与过程的意义。 为了更好了解我国英语教学以及学生交际能力和文化创新力的状况,作者对山东大学威海分校的233名学习英语的学生进行了调查。调查表明他们的文化敏感度有待改善,表明了语言能力和跨文化交际能力的关系,也表明了学生在语言学习中渴望提高文化创新力。 通过本论文,作者主要强调了英语学习中的双向文化互动,由此而产生的外语学习者的内部变化和求新力量是文化创新力的基础。此概念有利于把文化看作知识、行为和意义三者的结合,从内容与过程、教和学等诸方面综合考虑英语文化教学。

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