声明
致谢
List of abbreviations
Chapter 1Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2Purpose of the study
1.3Significance of the study
1.4Structure of the thesis
Chapter 2Literature Review
2.1The definition of listening comprehension ability
2.2Theories of listening comprehension process
2.2.1Neurological models
2.2.2Psychological models
2.3The role of visual information in listening test
2.3.1Listeners’ video listening (vs.audio listening) test performance
2.3.2 Listeners’ cognitive process in video-based listening test
2.3.3Listeners’ attitudes and perceptions about video-based listening test
2.3.4Research gaps
2.4The levels of comprehension inacademic listening
2.4.1Theoretical perspectives
2.4.2 Testing practices
2.5Research questions
2.6 Summary
Chapter 3Methodology
3.1Research design
3.2 Participants
3.3 Instruments
3.3.1Listening test one
3.3.2 Listening test two
3.3.3Post-test questionnaire
3.3.4Post-test focus-group interview questions
3.4Data collecting procedure
3.4.1Phase One
3.4.2Phase Two
3.5Data analysis
3.5.1Research Question One
3.5.2Research Question Two
3.5.3Research Question Three
3.6 Summary
Chapter 4Results and Discussion
4.1Multiple-choice measure
4.1.1Theoverall quality of listening test one(RQ1.1)
4.1.2Audio scores vs. video scores(RQ1.2)
4.1.3Interaction between input channel and question type (RQ1.3)
4.1.4Discussion on the results of multiple-choice measure
4.2Free notes measure
4.2.1The overall quality of free notes measure(RQ2.1)
4.2.2Audionotes vs. video notes (RQ2.2)
4.2.3Interaction between input channel and note type (RQ2.3)
4.2.4Discussion on the results of free notes measure
4.3Focus-group interview and questionnaire
4.3.1Perceptions on gist vs. detail understanding (RQ3.1)
4.3.2Perceptions on video vs. audio listening (RQ3.2)
4.3.3Preferences of video vs. audio listening (RQ3.3)
4.3.4Discussion on the results of focus-group interview and questionnaire
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5Conclusion
5.1Summary of findings
5.2 Implications
5.2.1Theoretical implications
5.2.2Practical implications
5.3Limitations and directions for future research
5.4 Conclusion
参考文献
Appendices
Appendix 1:Transcripts for the selected video recordings
Appendix 2:The test booklets of listening test one–Version A
Appendix 3:The test booklets of listening test two
Appendix 4:Post-test questionnaire
Appendix 5:Post-test focus-group interview questions
Appendix 6:Information structure for mental illness lecture recording
Appendix 7:Information structure for cancer druglecture recording
Appendix 8:A sample of notess coring method
Appendix 9:Transcripts of the focus-group interview
