声明
摘要
Abstract
Contents
1 ORIENTATION OF THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 RATIONALE
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
1.5 AIM OF THE STUDY
1.6 OBJECTlVES
1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.8 DEFINITIONS
1.9 SUMMARY
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 Effects of external agents on skin aging
2.3 The action of external agents on the synthesis of collagen and the regulation of MMPs
2.4 Effects of internal agents on skin aging
2.5 Gynostemma pentaphyllum as an antioxidant of interest
2.6 Scientific studies asserting the antioxidant properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum
2.7 Scientific studies asserting other useful properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum
2.8 SUMMARY
3 METHODOLOGY
3.2 INTRODUCTION
3.3 THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
3.4 THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
3.5 THE RESEARCH DESIGN
3.5.1 Qruantitative research
3.5.2 Exploratory descriptive design
3.5.3 Qualitative research
3.6 RESEARCH SETTING
3.7 STUDY
3.8 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.9 ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER
3.10 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.11 DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS
3.12 LIMITATION OF THIS STUDY
3.13 SUMMARY
4 ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 SUMMARY
4.3 Induction of oxidative stress with the use of ultraviolet light C
4.4 Qualitative analysis of cell viability following the administration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum
4.5 Correlation between the concentration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and cell viability
4.6 Correlation between independent trials
5 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 DISCUSSION
5.3 BIAS AND LIMITATIONS
5.4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.5 CONCLUDING REMARK
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES