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A Study of Communication Aprehension Control of Non-English Majors in Cooperative Learning

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目录

文摘

英文文摘

List of Table

Abbreviations

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Significance and Originality of the Study

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.4 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Anxiety,Apprehension and Foreign Language Anxiety

2.1.1 Anxiety and Apprehension

2.1.2 Foreign Language Anxiety

2.2 Communication Apprehension

2.2.1 Definition of Communication Apprehension

2.2.2 Types of Communication Apprehension

2.2.3 Causes of Communication Apprehension

2.2.4 Instruments for Measuring Communication Apprehension

2.2.5 Researches on Communication Apprehension

2.3 Theoretical Bases of the Current Study

2.3.1 Cooperative Learning

2.3.2 The Affective Filter Hypothesis

2.3.3 The Output Theory

2.4 Summary

Chapter 3 Methodology

3.1 Research Questions

3.2 Subjects

3.3.Instruments

3.3.1 Pilot Study

3.3.2 Oral Test

3.3.3 Questionnaire

3.3.4 Interview

3.4 Training Materials

3.5 Procedures

3.5.1 Pilot Study

3.5.2 Pre-test

3.5.3 Pre-questionnaire

3.5.4 Planning

3.5.5 Experiment

3.5.6 Post-test

3.5.7 Post-questionnaire

3.5.8 Interview

3.5.9 Reviewing

3.6 Data Analysis

Chapter 4 Results

4.1 Students’Communication Apprehension Levels in Traditional English Class

4.2 Communication Apprehension Comparisons before and after the experiment

4.2.1 Commuaication Apprehension Comparisonbetween Experimental Class and Control Class before the Experiment

4.2.2 Communication Apprehension Comparison of Control Class before and after the Experiment

4.2.3 Communication Apprehension Comparison of Experimental Class before and after the Experiment

4.2.4 Communication Apprehension Comparison between Experimental Class and Control Class after the Experiment

4.3 Students’Feedback on the Communication Apprehension Control Training in Cooperative Learning

4.4 Oral English Proficiency Comparisons before and after the Experiment

4.4.1 The Correlations between Communication Apprehension Scores and Oral Test Scores

4.4.2 Effects of Cooperative Learning on Oral English Achievement

4.5 Summary

Chapter 5 Discussions

5.1 Causes of Communication Apprehension in Traditional English Class

5.2 Cooperative Learning and Communication Apprehension

5.3 Advantages of Cooperative Learning

5.4 Cooperative Learning and Oral English Proficiency

5.5 Summary

Conclusion

References

Appendix A Table of Information about Class 1001 and Class 1002

Appendix B Table of Background Information of the Students

Appendix C Oral pre-test

Appendix D Oral Post-test

Appendix E Chinese Pre-questionnaire

Appendix F Chinese Post-questionnaire

Appendix G Interview

Appendix H Table of Reliability Analysis

Appendix I Rating Criteria of Oral Test

Appendix J A Sample of Teaching Procedure in Experimental Class and Control Class

Appendix K Table jof Communication Apprehension Scores in Traditional English Class

Appendix L Scores of Experimental Class

Appendix M Scores of Control Class

Appendix N 详细中文摘要

Acknowledgements

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摘要

近年来,英语口语受到越来越多的关注,然而外语学习焦虑及其包含的交际畏惧对学生的英语学习及口语能力有很大程度的影响。合作学习作为一种课堂教学方法被证实有利于营造低焦虑的课堂气氛,减轻外语学习焦虑。近年来关于试图降低外语学习焦虑来帮助外语学习的研究比较丰富,但是结合交际畏惧与外语学习,通过降低交际畏惧来提高外语口语水平的研究却比较少。本文从交际畏惧与口语水平的关系出发,探讨合作活动对降低学生交际畏惧,提高学生口语水平的影响。
  本研究试图研究以下三个问题:1、非英语专业大学生在传统英语课堂中说英语时受到多大程度的交际畏惧困扰?2、利用合作学习进行交际畏惧调控培训能否有效降低学生的交际畏惧;如果能降低,那么从多大程度上降低学生的交际畏惧?
  3、该交际畏惧调控培训是如何有助于降低学生说英语时的交际畏惧的?
  本研究把湖南大众传媒学院非英语专业的两个平行班共72名新生作为研究对象,整个研究过程历时18周。为不影响正常教学,两个班均为自然班,其中一个作为实验班,另一个作为控制班。对实验班进行了合作学习方法教学,对控制班仍然采用传统教学方法。笔者担任两个班的英语教师。实验之前,笔者在另外一个平行班的30名学生中进行了外语课堂交际畏惧量表预测来确保该问卷的效度,可行性和可理解性。在正式实验开始前及实验结束后分别对两个班学生进行了外语课堂交际畏惧量表问卷调查前、后测及英语口语水平的前、后测。同时在实验结束后对实验班学生进行了个别访谈。最后,笔者收集了所有实验数据并采用SPSS17.0进行相应的数据分析处理。
  研究结果表明:1、多数非英语专业大学生(59.7%)在传统英语课堂中说英语时存在中等偏上的交际畏惧度;2、所采用的以合作活动为方法的交际畏惧调控在一定程度上(9.2%)能够帮助学生降低学生的交际畏惧;由于逐渐减少的交际畏惧以及逐渐增多的运用目标语言的机会,学生的口语水平有一定程度的提高。3、组内同学的合作能减少焦虑感,同学之间的鼓励能增强自信,这是该调控能有效降低学生交际畏惧度的主要原因。
  由此可见,以教师为中心的传统教学方法不利于营造积极的课堂情感气氛和降低外语焦虑,从而导致学生在说英语时更加紧张。合作学习作为一种有效的教学方法,增强了学生之间的互动与帮助,降低了学生的恐惧心理因此较低的情感过滤与更多的目的语产出帮助学生降低交际畏惧,提高学生的口语水平。

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