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英文文摘
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Acknowledgements
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Purpose of the study
1.3 Methodology of the study
1.4 Identification of terms
1.5 Organization of the thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The synchronic approach to clefts
2.2.1 Traditional studies
2.2.2 Transformational studies
2.2.3 Functional studies
2.3 The diachronic approach to clefts
2.3.1 Ball (1991/1994)'s analysis
2.3.2 Harris and Campbell (1995)'s analysis
2.3.3 Patten (2007)'s analysis
2.3.4 Traugott (2008)'s analysis
2.4 Summary
Chapter Three Clausal Integration in the Formation of Clefts
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Preliminary remarks on clausal integration of clefts
3.2.1 Clausal integration across clauses
3.2.2 Componentiality in the linguistic structure
3.2.3 Clefts as specificational sentences
3.3 Clausal integration in formation of the original it-clefts
3.3.1 The question-answer pair in the original it-clefts
3.3.2 Realization of clausal integration in the original it-clefts
3.4 Summary
Chapter Four Categorical Extensions in the Clefts
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Some preliminary notions in the extensions of clefts
4.2.1 Usage-based model
4.2.2 Key notions in usage-based model
4.3 The extensions of it-cleft category
4.3.1 The general hypothesis
4.3.2 Type frequency and entrenchment of'NP-foci' it-clefts
4.3.3 The horizontal extensions among it-clefts
4.4 The extensions from it-clefts to pseudoclefts
4.4.1 Historical features in the evolvement of pseudoclefts
4.4.2 Reanalysis in the formation pseudoclefts
4.4.3 Analogy in the formation of pseudoclefts
4.5 Summary
Chapter Five The Cognitive Motivations of Clefts
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The cognitive basis of clefts
5.2.1 Focusing as motivation for linguistic organization
5.2.2 Functions of focusing in the clefts
5.2.3 Figure and ground alignment in clefts
5.3 The cognitive motivations of the basic elements in it-clefts
5.3.1 The subject 'it'
5.3.2 The 'copula be'
5.3.3 The cleft constituents
5.3.4 The cleft clause
5.4 The cognitive account of pseudoclefts
5.5 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Major findings
6.3 Limitations of this study
6.4 Suggestions for future study
References