Non-Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring

摘要

At the conclusion of this presentation the participant will be able to:n1. Discuss the controversies surrounding the use of the PA cathetern5.Understand why non-invasive means of determining cardiac function are being soughtn6.Explain the theory and shortcomings behind at least one method of non-invasive cardiac output determinationnRoutine intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring is simple and non-invasive in the majority of surgical cases. It usually consists of monitoring the heart rate and blood pressure by electrocardiogram and blood pressure cuff.