Last expansion of Rio de Janeiro subway began in 2010 aiming the 2016 Olympics. The project included seven underground stations and 17 km tunnels. Biotite-gneiss, augen gneiss, weathered rock, marine sands, soils and urban material were excavated. NATM, TBM and RBM technologies were applied to each ground type and urban condition. Innovative methods of excavation associated to last generation electronic blasting, ground control, roof support, instrumentation in surface and underground environments were some of the most challenging tasks. Almost all the current underground construction methods were applied resulting in a very valuable experience. This paper outlines strategic guidelines for assessment in subway construction in densely populated areas and variable rock conditions. It also describes the main elements of design with respect to project requirements.
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机译：Rio de Janeiro地铁的最后扩展始于2010年的2016年奥运会。该项目包括七个地下站和17公里的隧道。挖掘了Biotite-Gneiss，Aggen Gneiss，风化的岩石，海洋沙子，土壤和城市材料。 Natm，TBM和RBM Technologies应用于每个地面类型和城市条件。与上一代电子爆破，地面控制，屋顶支撑，表面和地下环境仪器相关的创新方法是最具挑战性的任务。几乎所有当前的地下施工方法都占据了非常有价值的经验。本文概述了浓密人口统治区域和可变岩石条件下地铁施工评估的战略指导。它还描述了关于项目要求的设计的主要元素。
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