The Effectiveness of Keluarga Harapan Program: Efforts to Change the Behavior of the Poor

摘要

Keluarga Harapan Program is a social protection system for very poor families that are carried out in a sustainable manner. The program is a government strategy in alleviating poverty specifically for health and education. The fact that the distribution of aid was not right on target was because the recipient's data contained errors. There are two research questions: How to collect data for mapping the families of beneficiaries? What is the behavior of beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program assistance in accessing education and health? The purpose of this study was first to analyze how to map in determining poor families as beneficiaries; secondly to analyze the behavior of beneficiaries of the Keluarga Harapan Program in utilizing these funds to improve access to education and health. The research method used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observation. Two key informants were identified from the Manado City Social Service, six beneficiaries, and two companions. We found that the method of determining the beneficiaries of the Keluarga Harapan Program initial data was based on secondary data published by the Central Bureau of Statistics. These data still have families that are not poor but get help while very poor families are not recorded to get help. The second finding of the behavior of beneficiaries has not shown the changes that are expected by the government even though they have received assistance from the Keluarga Harapan Program for several years. Behavioral change requires a long process that requires the empowerment of beneficiary families to get out of poverty.