Study on Hydrochar Nanostructure from Durian Skin Waste Reinforced by Gum Arabic as an Organic Ink

摘要

An organic ink based hydro-char nano structure from durian skin waste reinforced by gum arabic had been successfully prepared in powder form to convert conventional ink from carbon black using dry mixing method. In order to improve the performance of organic ink powder, hydro-char nano structure was added into 10%wt polyethylene glycol (PG) within concentration variations of 60%wt, 50%wt, 55%wt, 40%wt and 45%wt. The result showed that the performance of organic ink powder increased higher by adding the higher concentration of hydro-char nano structure. The highest performance was evidenced by addition of 60%wt hydro-char nano structure produced a viscosity of 4.1 cps, a density of 1.0262 gr/cm~3, a liquid surface tension of 0.3725 N/cm, a light intensity of -13 lux and an absorption rate of 0.0125 mm/s which had characteristics of almost approaching conventional ink derived from carbon black with a viscosity of 5.2 cps, density of 1.0010 gr/cm~3, liquid surface tension of 0.2482 N/cm, light intensity of-15 lux. Based on the surface morphology characterization with SEM, it was found that the surface micrograph of powder inks such as small granules were denser with a particle size of 255.2 nm so that the ink is not toxic and carcinogenic if inhaled by the lungs.