From Cooperative Innovation to Synergic Innovation: the Road of Industry-University-Research Cooperation Innovation in China

摘要

This paper analyzes the process that Chinese universities came from decentralized cooperative innovation to organized collaborative innovation since the reform and opening up. The paper mentions that the synergic innovation emphasized by the "2011 Plan" should be raised to a new level, i.e. the synergic innovation should be the collaborative innovation with self-organizing nature, which is formed by the spontaneous interaction between innovative elements due to social needs and the internal needs of the innovative actors in the innovation system. The synergic innovation needs to handle the relationship between country's urgent needs and world-class, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.