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Gravitational Waves from Bubble Collisions in the Early Universe

机译:来自早期宇宙的泡沫碰撞的引力波

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Cosmic bubbles nucleated through the quantum tunneling process would expand and undergo collisions with each other. We focus on collisions of two equal-sized bubbles and compute gravitational waves emitted from the collisions. The mechanism of the collisions can be modeled by means of a real scalar field and its quartic potential. Out of this model we can compute gravitational waves from the collisions by integrating the energy-momentum tensors over the volume of the wave sources; in the quadrupole approximation. Our computational results show that the waveforms are characterized by (i) cusp-like bumps with frequency modulation during the initial-to-intermediate stage of strong collisions and (ii) smooth monochromatic oscillations during the final stage of weak collisions.
机译:通过量子隧道过程核心的宇宙泡沫将彼此扩展和经历碰撞。我们专注于两个相等大小的气泡的碰撞,并计算从碰撞中发出的引力波。碰撞机制可以通过真正的标量场和其四级潜力来建模。出于这种型号,我们可以通过将能量动量张量集成在波来源的体积上来计算来自碰撞的引力波;在Quadrupole近似值中。我们的计算结果表明,波形的特征在于(i)在弱碰撞的最终阶段的初始碰撞期间的初始碰撞期间与频率调制的频率调制,并且在弱碰撞的最后阶段的平滑单色振荡期间的频率调制。

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