URINARY INCONTINENCE IN DOGS

摘要

PSMI is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in adult female dogs seen in primary care practice. Incontinence in spayed female dogs previously was called hormone-responsive, or estrogen-responsive, incontinence. This occurs an average of 3 years after ovariohysterectomy in approximately 20 percent of female dogs neutered between their first and second heat cycles. In dogs spayed before their first estrus, the incidence is reported to be 9.7 percent.2 In another report, 5.1 percent of bitcheswere found to have spay-related urinary incontinence.3 No association of increased risk to develop urinary incontinence was shown in a case control study of 202 incontinent female dogs neutered between 3 and 6 months of age.4 Female dogs neutered before3 months of age, however, were shown to have twice the risk to develop urinary incontinence before 6 years of age compared to neutering when older than 3 months.5 The main mechanism for the development of urinary incontinence with PSMI has traditionallybeen attributed to low urethral closure pressure, though some dogs have a bladder component to this form of urinary incontinence.6 Urethral closure pressure is decreased 12 to 18 months following spaying in normal dogs,7-9 and it is speculated that this pressure continues to decline with age.