The aim of this section of the workshop was to address whether complementary feeding (CF) practices in a holistic sense may have the potential to improve later health and developmental outcomes, and prevent adverse outcomes such as obesity and other noncommunicable diseases.The first presentation considered the evidence that 'nutritional' aspects of CF - mainly timing and content - influence later health outcomes and concluded that, although data are limited in quantity and quality, delaying the introduction of CF until 4 months may protect against later obesity and possibly allergy. The difficulties in designing and conducting research studies investigating effects of CF were highlighted, including maternal willingness to be randomized to use practices which were not originally planned and attrition with longer-term follow-up.
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