Crocodile Bread As A Ceremonial Marriage Food: Symbolism For The Betawi Ethnic Group (Study Case In Setu Babakan)

摘要

The purpose of this study was to assess the significance of bread crocodiles as symbols for indigenous Betawi people in their wedding processions. The method used in the study was descriptive and qualitative by in-depth interview and observation. The study was conducted in Setu Babakan, Betawi Cultural Village, Srengseng Sawah, South Jakarta. Items carried by the groom in the wedding ceremonies of Betawi Moslems are the dowry, a miniature mosque, two pieces of crocodile bread, Betawi traditional cake and kekudang (the bride's favourite things, such as clothing, shoes, salted fish, cookies or crackers). Crocodile bread is a symbol of loyalty because crocodiles are reptiles that are monogamous: the female pairs with the same mate for life, and has a nest that is fixed. The philosophical meaning embodied in the crocodile bread is spouse fidelity, through the generations of children and grandchildren, as well as having a fixed residence. Crocodiles are brave animals, and they can live in two worlds (on land and in the water). The bread is used as a symbol of the hope that households become resilient and able to survive anywhere. The crocodile being made of bread started in the Dutch colonial era. Nowdays, with changing times and the advancement of technology, crocodile bread is increasingly made of sweet bread dough, and also tends to contain chocolate, cheese or strawberry; it can now be readily consumed by the bride's family. With the progress of time, there is a shift; a growing sense that the crocodile bread is a symbol of wealth because bread is considered an expensive food. Usually the crocodile-shaped bread is about 50 centimeters in length, although sometimes as much as one metre, and is carried by the groom at the wedding ceremony. The bread is made into a pair of crocodiles, representing the bride and groom. The bride's bread symbolises crocodile females and includes a little crocodile that is placed on the back or side of the female crocodile. This little crocodile is intended to signify that the newly married family will be blessed with a child as the family successor. At the end of the wedding ceremony, the crocodile bread is usually given to any unmarried sisters, with the hope that they will get married soon. We should preserve and maintain our culture, and let it be known by other nations.