In the face of climate change, realizing cost-competitive carbon neutral energy technologies is one of the key technical challenges of the 21~(st) century. Reduction of CO2 to liquid fuels and water splitting (H2O → H2 + 1/2 O2) are promising energy conversion approaches. However, the use of costly noble metal catalysts such as Pt and Ir have limited the viability of these approaches. There is a need to develop catalysts based on earth abundant materials.
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