Development of Multi-parameter Analyser based on Electrochemical Urea Biosensors and Electrolyte Electrodes for Monitoring of Hemodialysis Patients

摘要

The idea of developing multi-parameter urea analyser comprising urea, Na~+ and K~+ selective electrodes has been considered. For this purpose the urea biosensors based on urease and recombinant urease working in amperometric and potentiometric way were developed. The working parameters of both urea biosensors were studied and optimized. Possibilities of real samples analysis using the developed biosensors were shown by measuring urea concentrations in blood dialysate taken from patients with renal failure. Both the potentiometric and the amperometric biosensors demonstrated high degree of signal reproducibility (the relative standard deviation of responses did not exceed 5%). Change of sodium and potassium concentrations during blood hemodialysis is dangerous life-threatening condition and their monitoring is an important feature of point-of-care analyser. For this purpose high integrity commercial Na~+ and K~+ selective electrodes were analysed and our own signal amplification and processing system proposed.