Determination of Response in Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. 'Camarosa') to Different Nutritions in Conventional Agriculture on Soil and Soilless in Vertical Sleeves

摘要

Argentina has 1700 ha with strawberries, 40% produced in Tucumán conventionally -soil- with high volume of inputs. The crop has economic and social interest. 70% of the fruit is destined for industry and export. Production in soilless culture is an alternative to avoid soil disinfection with methyl bromide and reduce the use of agrochemicals. So, in fertilization the sound management of nutrients allows increasing productivity and minimizing environmental impact. The work aimed to determine the effects of mineral nutrition and biofertilization on yield and quality of strawberry 'Camarosa', in conventional crop -soil- fruits and -soilless culture- in vertical sleeves. The experiment was carried out in the field, greenhouse and laboratory of the Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agronomy, located in the agro-ecological area of the Piedmont in Tucumán, Argentine. The experimental design BCA -4 treatments with 5 repetitions-: Tl conventional system -soil-; T2 system soilless in vertical sleeve with conventional nutrition; T3 system in soil with biofertilizers and T4 soilless system in sleeves vertical with biofertilizers was used. The fresh weight (WFFr) and number of fruits (NFr)/harvest; organoleptic characteristics and average size of fruit in 2 samples; number (NF1) flowers and leaf (NL) in 3 times was evaluated. With ANOVA results demonstrated that: in the two samples there was no significant difference in NFr and WFFr between treatments, however the quality of fruits and sensory evaluation, was higher in conventional system (T1-T3) for soilless in vertical sleeves (T2-T4). In 3 evaluations there was significant difference between two groups for the NL and NF1 (T1-T3) for (T2-T4). Soilless in vertical sleeves allowed for better use of the area under cultivation and facilitated crop management. For this reason, it is necessary to deepen these experiences in strawberry and adapt to local conditions to integrate: managing nutritional system of production soilless in vertical sleeves for strawberry.