Risk Prevention and Emergency Countermeasures to Environmental Accidents of Chemical Industry Parks

摘要

Due to the high population density, the environmental accidents would caused the serious social impact and economic loss in China. The chemical parks are the major environmental risk sources. The environmental risk categories are introduced and the corresponding risk prevention measures of chemical industrial park to environmental accident are researched in the paper. Moreover, the hazards reduce measures of environmental accidents around the chemical park, which including the hazardous chemical monitoring, environmental pollution integrated emergency exercise, et al., are also discussed. With the rapid growth of Chinese economy, chemical industry parks have been built by making full use of the rich water resources along rivers and seas, and taking advantage of deepwater wharfs. These parks conduct develop, produce, store and transport large quantities of flammable, explosive, toxic and hazardous chemicals such as oil and natural chemicals, basic organic chemical materials, life medicines, and novel chemical materials. Chemical industry parks have many different kinds of storage tanks, with fragile eco-environment, and the substances involved in chemical production are mainly hazardous chemicals, facing rather serious potential eco-environmental problems, resulting in frequent occurrence of pollution accidents, with huge risks to human health and surrounding environment. If the explosion and leakage of dangerous substances fails to be dealt with promptly, it will result in casualties and property damage, or even pollute the eco-environment of the entire water area. On July 11, 2006, the State Environmental Protection Administration announced that, totally 7,755 petrochemical industrial projects were under construction at that time, with total investment of RMB 1016.2 billion, 81% of which were distributed near major rivers and seas, and 45% were major environmental risk sources[3]. Once any safety-related and environmental accident occurs, the resulting environmental impact and losses will be huge. In 2005, the explosion accident occurred in the Dipheny l Plant of CNPC Jilin Petrochemical Company caused a pollution accident of the water and soil to Songhua River, which sounded the alarm of the public environmental risk awareness.