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Theory and practice in reducing the vulnerability of residential buildings subjected to extreme loads - a multi hazard perspective

机译:理论与实践减少居民建筑物遭受极值的脆弱性 - 一种多危险的观点

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The spread of terror and war threats aimed against built up urban areas has extended considerably and attracts the attention and concern of many countries. The severity and potential danger of these extreme events was demonstrated most severely in several past events. Many countries, including Israel, are facing different threats of terror and war. Therefore, Israel is continuously engaged in theoretical and experimental research activities, related to response of civilian buildings to various war threats. Some of the experience gained in recent years, in relation to the structural response of RC residential buildings subjected to blast loads, can be very helpful in the development of improved design requirements of such buildings, aimed mainly at localization and reduction of the damage and prevention of the progressive collapse of buildings. Earthquake loading is another extreme loading that may cause large scale destruction to many buildings that had not been properly designed to withstand the strong ground shaking effects. Many countries in seismic areas have developed throughout the years their standards and codes for seismic design, and recently built buildings in these areas are designed according to these codes. Nevertheless, many older buildings, that had been designed and constructed prior to the development of the modern seismic codes, are still more vulnerable. Although the earthquake response and blast protection are entirely different disciplines, there exist many places where both types of extreme loads are potential threats to existing buildings. Therefore a multi hazard approach should be adopted to design the new buildings and to retrofit the existing buildings, to ensure that they will withstand these threats. This paper aims at over-viewing some aspects of these extreme load threats and address the resistance, performance, protection and strengthening of the structures that are subjected to these loads. It aims at generalizing the professional view and providing a better solution to an envelope of different possible extreme events.
机译:旨在反对建立城市地区的恐怖和战争威胁的传播大大延长,吸引了许多国家的关注和关注。在几个过去的事件中最严重地展示了这些极端事件的严重程度和潜在危险。包括以色列在内的许多国家面临着恐怖和战争的不同威胁。因此,以色列不断从事理论和实验研究活动,与平民建筑物的反应相关,以对各种战争威胁。近年来的一些经验,与爆炸载荷的RC住宅建筑物的结构响应有关,可以非常有助于开发这种建筑物的改进设计要求,主要针对本地化和减少损害和预防的影响建筑物的逐步崩溃。地震载荷是另一个极端装载,可能导致许多没有适当设计的建筑物的大规模破坏,以承受强大的地面振荡效果。由于这些代码,许多抗震区的地震区的标准和代码的地震区的标准和代码都是根据这些代码设计的。尽管如此,许多老房建筑,在现代地震码开发之前已经设计和建造,仍然更加脆弱。虽然地震响应和爆炸保护是完全不同的学科,但是存在许多类型的极端负荷是对现有建筑物的潜在威胁。因此,应采用多种危险方法来设计新建筑物,并改造现有建筑物,以确保他们能够承受这些威胁。本文旨在过度查看这些极端负荷威胁的某些方面,并解决对这些负荷进行的结构的电阻,性能,保护和加强结构。它旨在概括专业视图,并为不同可能的极端事件的信封提供更好的解决方案。

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