Ukrainian Corruption and Non-ruled Market Economy as Sources of Chemical and Biological Terrorism

摘要

Abstract. Today already all of us know, that corruption is extremely diverse, in various degrees it amazes practically all layers of our society — from the beggar —to the large government official or the deputy whom for a good bribe much can make. A characteristic sign of modem corruption is the conflict between actions of the official and interests of its employer or the conflict between actions of the elec-tive person and interests of a society. In process of strengthening of political par-ties and the state regulation, episodes of arrangement of political elite and large business began to cause growing concern. Globalization has led to that corruption in one country began to affect negatively development of many countries. Not casually for propagation of knowledge of United Nations corruption founded the International day of struggle against corruption. Because Ukraine has got the status of the country with market economy, corruption scales as a result only have increased. In our country all areas, both state management, and local government are subject to corruption practically. Unfortunately, corruption actions in sphere of protection of environment and maintenance of safety of ability to live of the person are especially extended. In the report typical corruption schemes in these areas are considered and classified, the reasons of increase in scale of corruption are ana-lyzed and possible directions not elimination are defined, it essentially while is hardly possible, and at least decrease in harmful influence of corruption in spheres of management, a science, the services, are connected with ecology and safety of ability to live. Real successes can achieve if to pay the basic attention thus to reali-zation of principles of the concept of a sustainable development (SD) with the decision of ecological, economic and social problems at the expense of orientation to development of an average and a small-scale business, use of high innovative potential and market mechanisms of managing on the basis of the system analysis and modem information technologies. Especially effective there will be in struggle against the corruption phenomena use of the indexes of stability of development offered in SD for an expert estimation of correctness of the chosen decision and competitive, tender mechanisms of a choice of the project. Besides, it is necessary to provide the maximum transparency, wide scientific discussion of the most im-portant directions of the development, most ecologically dangerous projects and specific proposals on their realization. As an example of a successful anticorrup-tion policy, they often mention the Swedish experience. There the independent and effective system of justice has been created. Simultaneously Swedish parliament and the government have established high ethical standards for managers and their execution began to achieve. After all some years honesty became social norm among bureaucracy. Salaries of the high-ranking officials first exceeded earnings of workers at 12-15 times, however eventually this difference has decreased to the double. For today Sweden has one of the lowest levels of corruption in the world. And, nevertheless, in Ukraine tactics of decrease in corruption should be con-structed on a number of vertical measures: regulations of actions of officials, sim-plification of bureaucratic procedures, strict supervision over observance of high ethical standards. Probably, by experience of other countries, it is necessary to create a special Bureau on investigation of cases of corruption in which citizens could address with complaints to state employees and demand the indemnification. It essentially would increase at once filling of the budget of the country. Simulta-neously with it followed toughen the legislation, to raise independence of judicial system, to enter economic sanctions for bribery or refusal of participation in anti-corruption investigations.