Evaluation of Impacts of Land Use Changes on Ground Water Quality with Respect to Heavy Metals of Zone-Ⅶ Under Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad Using Remote Sensing, GIS and Field Studies

摘要

Ground water is one of the most important sources of drinking water in India. Degradation of ground water quality due to heavy metals has received considerable attention during recent years. Pollutants are being added to the ground water system through human activities and natural process. The percolating water picks up a large number of heavy metals and reaches the aquifer system and contaminates the ground water forms a major source of the drinking water supply for urban and rural people of India. The quality of ground water is also dependent on the geologic, climatic, environmental, biological and other anthropogenic activities since the quality of public health depends to a great extent on the quality of drinking water. In the monitoring of ground water quality there should be a proper planning and zoning of study area and proper collection of the samples otherwise there will be misleading information. In India a large volume of the ground water is affected by discharge of various industrial, residential, commercial, untreated waste water which makes its way into ground water system and polluting by means of physical chemical and biological actions. From these there may be some toxic and highly toxic compounds and organic matter, which are injurious to biological system. Spatial variation of environmental degradation within Hyderabad metropolis has been largely ignored mainly due to less comprehension and underestimation of spatial techniques. This paper highlights the methodology that is effective and feasible for exploring water pollution patterns and monitoring its trends in Hyderabad metropolis. It also explores the consonance between the concentration levels of heavy metals in ground water and land use.