Advances of Plasticity Experiments on Metal Sheets and Tubes and Their Applications to Constitutive Modeling

摘要

This paper provides a review of experimental techniques which are effective in observing and modeling the anisotropic plastic behavior of metal sheets and tubes under a variety of loading paths. These include biaxial compression tests, biaxial stress tests for metal sheets (cruciform specimens) and tubes using closed-loop electrohydraulic testing machines, an abrupt strain path change method for detecting a yield vertex and subsequent yield loci without unloading, in-plane compression or stress reversal tests for metal sheets and multistage tension tests. Comparison of observed material response with those predicted using phenomenological plasticity models are presented, where possible. Special attention is focus on the verification of the validity of conventional anisotropic yield criteria and its associated flow rule. The effects of the anisotropic yield criteria on the accuracy of forming simulations, such as springback and forming limit strains and stresses, are also discussed.